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  造型油松是(shi)園林綠化(hua)(hua)里使用比較多的(de)樹木之一(yi)(yi)，它是(shi)一(yi)(yi)種(zhong)(zhong)灌木類型的(de)植物。喜光，適(shi)合在涼爽的(de)地方生存有很強的(de)出芽功能，是(shi)一(yi)(yi)種(zhong)(zhong)能承受(shou)修剪的(de)植物。多年來(lai)，它被廣泛(fan)應用于(yu)各種(zhong)(zhong)綠化(hua)(hua)帶(dai)和花壇的(de)區域。今天(tian)小編(bian)來(lai)給(gei)大家介(jie)紹下它的(de)栽種(zhong)(zhong)準(zhun)備工作(zuo)。

  1、處(chu)(chu)理(li)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)。造型油松的(de)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)處(chu)(chu)理(li)有兩種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)方(fang)法。溫水(shui)浸(jin)(jin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)快速催芽和冷凍雪藏。一(yi)(yi)般多用溫水(shui)浸(jin)(jin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)快速催芽。是(shi)在(zai)播種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)前10天進行(xing)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)催芽處(chu)(chu)理(li)。先用1-2%濃度的(de)硫酸(suan)亞鐵浸(jin)(jin)泡1小(xiao)時(shi)，再用1%濃度的(de)高錳酸(suan)鉀浸(jin)(jin)泡1小(xiao)時(shi)，用清水(shui)淘洗兩次(ci)，然后用45℃溫水(shui)浸(jin)(jin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)24小(xiao)時(shi),撈出(chu)放(fang)在(zai)溫暖的(de)地方(fang)，攤放(fang)在(zai)濕麻袋或草袋上(shang)(shang)，覆蓋，每天撒水(shui)和翻拌一(yi)(yi)次(ci)，當種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)裂嘴達70%以上(shang)(shang)即(ji)行(xing)播種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。

  2、選(xuan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)、整(zheng)(zheng)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)。育苗地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)要選(xuan)擇在(zai)排(pai)水良好、灌溉方便、土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)肥沃，土(tu)(tu)層(ceng)深(shen)厚(hou)(hou)的(de)(de)沙壤(rang)土(tu)(tu)或(huo)壤(rang)土(tu)(tu)為(wei)宜，鹽堿地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)不宜育苗。山地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)要選(xuan)擇地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)勢(shi)平緩的(de)(de)陰坡(po)(po)半陰坡(po)(po)，土(tu)(tu)層(ceng)深(shen)厚(hou)(hou)的(de)(de)生荒地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)和腐(fu)殖質含(han)量多，病(bing)蟲害少的(de)(de)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)方。以東北坡(po)(po)、北坡(po)(po)為(wei)好，地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)勢(shi)應選(xuan)山腹或(huo)較平坦的(de)(de)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)方，坡(po)(po)度(du)小于30度(du)為(wei)佳。整(zheng)(zheng)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)在(zai)前一(yi)年雨季進行，深(shen)耕(geng)20~25cm，二次(ci)深(shen)秋淺(qian)耕(geng)15~18cm，淺(qian)耕(geng)后(hou)立即耙耱，使耕(geng)后(hou)的(de)(de)表土(tu)(tu)層(ceng)平坦而疏松。

  3、作床。多(duo)采用(yong)大田(tian)式(shi)壟(long)(long)作育苗。優點是保持土壤濕潤，壟(long)(long)面疏松，通風良好，澆灌(guan)時省水(shui)，苗木根(gen)(gen)系(xi)發育良好，地(di)溫高,須根(gen)(gen)、側根(gen)(gen)均(jun)多(duo)，同時利于機械操作。作壟(long)(long)的(de)規格(ge)是：壟(long)(long)底80 cm，壟(long)(long)頂平面50cm，壟(long)(long)高15~20cm，作壟(long)(long)方向以南北為宜，壟(long)(long)面摟(lou)平，每壟(long)(long)開溝3行。山地(di)水(shui)平階(jie)面梯田(tian)上筑床，寬(kuan)1~1.5m，長度根(gen)(gen)據(ju)地(di)形(xing)決定(ding)。

  4、種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)采集。造(zao)型油(you)松的(de)(de)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)在9月上中(zhong)旬成熟(shu)。當(dang)球果(guo)(guo)由綠色變為黃綠色,就應及時采收。采種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)前母樹要(yao)選擇樹齡為20年以上,發育健(jian)壯、干形(xing)好、抗性強、無病(bing)蟲害的(de)(de)樹木作為采種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)母樹。采下來的(de)(de)球果(guo)(guo)放在通風良好的(de)(de)場地攤開晾曬,每天翻動一次。幾天后(hou)(hou)球果(guo)(guo)鱗片卷(juan)曲自行裂(lie)開,再用(yong)木棍輕(qing)輕(qing)敲打(da)并來回翻動,種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)就自動脫出。將(jiang)收集起來的(de)(de)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)經過搓揉(rou)去翅,篩(shai)選去雜,曬干后(hou)(hou)即可貯(zhu)藏。